New York Almanack

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American Revolution

The Albany Congress of 1754: Native People, Colonists & the Monarchy

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Dec 1754 Map of the English Colonies (LOC)William Shirley was the Royal Governor of Massachusetts, appointed by the King of England. Shirley had been a British official in England serving on negotiating committees with French officials determining boundaries. This had led Shirley to a thorough dislike of the French. He was very aggressive and had been a stalwart advocate of invading Canada and driving the French out of North America. Shirley had written a strong criticism of the New York Congress for its resistance to an invasion of Canada in 1748. He was upset when New Jersey and Rhode Island refused to cooperate in the invasion because they were not threatened.

Shirley wanted a stronger unity of colonies so that they could be forced to cooperate to drive out the French. When signs of a renewal of Anglo-French warfare surfaced in late 1753, Shirley put out a call for a new conference. Virginia Governor Dinwiddie, who was also experiencing difficulty with the French in the Ohio Valley, had similar sentiments. They both wanted a London mandated plan forcing the colonies to work together to provide troops and supplies and invade New France. [Read more…] about The Albany Congress of 1754: Native People, Colonists & the Monarchy

Wall Street History: The Politics of New York’s First Banks

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Colonial currency from the Province of New York (1775)Prior to the American Revolution, there were virtually no banks in the United States. However, Alexander Hamilton, who was George Washington’s key advisor on financial matters, was familiar with the central banks of England and the Netherlands which had been key factors in the growth of the economy of those countries.

Unlike some agrarian Virginian politicians such as Thomas Jefferson, Hamilton believed that banking and credit was the key to the nation’s future. In 1781 he encouraged Robert Morris, the recently appointed Superintendent of Finance for the Continental government, to form the Bank of North America in Philadelphia. For a time up, until the British surrender of New York, this was the only Bank in the colonies. [Read more…] about Wall Street History: The Politics of New York’s First Banks

Arto Monaco’s Valcour, Plattsburgh Battle Dioramas Being Conserved

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Battle of Valcour diorama created by Arto Monaco The Clinton County Historical Association has announce it has received a Conservation Treatment Grant from the Greater Hudson Heritage Network for the conservation of a diorama created by Adirondack artist and theme park creator Arto Monaco (1913-2003).

The diorama was a gift from the Plattsburgh Rotary who commissioned the work for the 1976 United States Bicentennial celebration. It’s been moved to several locations over the years, resting finally within the CCHA Museum at 98 Ohio Avenue on the Old Base Museum Campus in Plattsburgh, NY. [Read more…] about Arto Monaco’s Valcour, Plattsburgh Battle Dioramas Being Conserved

A History of Wall Street: Tontine Coffee House & The Buttonwood Agreement

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The Castello Plan from 1660, showing the wall at rightMany New Yorkers, and many Americans generally, consider Wall Street – to be the world’s most famous and important street. Many tourists are surprised to find that Wall Street, once described as “a short street with the river at one end and a Church at the other,” is only seven blocks long.

Originally named for a palisade wall built by the Dutch in the 1640s (and torn down by the English in 1699), the street was an important east-west thoroughfare until the American Revolution. At that time the entire city of New York, home to about 15,000 people, was south of City Hall Park.

One of the current ironies is that Wall Street today has returned to its residential roots. The financial institutions which became famous there now are located in midtown Manhattan or elsewhere. [Read more…] about A History of Wall Street: Tontine Coffee House & The Buttonwood Agreement

Marinus Willet, Tammany Hall & The Treaty of New York

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Marinus Willett painted by Ralph Earl, oil on canvas, ca 1791 Metropolitan Museum of ArtEvery year in October the Lower Manhattan Historical Society holds its Saratoga/Yorktown celebration in Trinity Churchyard to celebrate the American victories at the Battles of Saratoga and Yorktown.

At that ceremony wreaths are lain on the graves of Revolutionary War figures associated with those battles — Horatio Gates, Alexander Hamilton and Marinus Willett. [Read more…] about Marinus Willet, Tammany Hall & The Treaty of New York

A Short History of New York City’s ‘Evacuation Day’

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BOWLING GREEN Evacuation Day 2014At noon on November 25, 2014 about 25 people gathered at the flag poles at the north end of Manhattan’s Bowling Green to raise a specially designed flag with 13 stars and stripes.

It was a replica of the flag which was raised at the same spot on November 25, 1783 (Evacuation Day) when George Washington’s Continental army had marched into New York City officially ending the American Revolutionary War. [Read more…] about A Short History of New York City’s ‘Evacuation Day’

‘Catherine Schuyler: A Woman of the Revolution’ Republished

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Catherine Schuyler: A Woman of the RevolutionBook purchases made through this link support New York Almanack’s mission to report new publications relevant to New York State.

The biography Catherine Schuyler: A Woman of the Revolution by Mary Gay Humphreys (C. Scribner’s Sons, 1897), highlighting an important figure in Albany and American History, has been republished by HVA Press.

[Read more…] about ‘Catherine Schuyler: A Woman of the Revolution’ Republished

AJ Schenkman On Crossroads of Rockland History Podcast

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crossroads of rockland historyOn the November 2021 episode of Crossroads of Rockland History, host Clare Sheridan interviewed A.J. Schenkman, a frequent New York Almanack contributor and author of a new book entitled Patriots and Spies in Revolutionary New York (Globe Pequot, 2021).

Ann Bates, Enoch Crosby and other notorious figures in the American Revolution were discussed. [Read more…] about AJ Schenkman On Crossroads of Rockland History Podcast

When History Is Wrong: The Albany County ‘Dietz Massacre’

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painting of Dietz Massacre by James DietzDuring the Revolutionary War the little community of Beaver Dam (sometimes spelled Beaverdam) in what is now Berne, Albany County, NY saw little action.

The British and their Indigenous allies repeatedly attacked the communities in the Schoharie Valley to the west however, despite the presence of a large militia and three forts to protect the people of Schoharie. [Read more…] about When History Is Wrong: The Albany County ‘Dietz Massacre’