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Miguel Hernandez

Miguel Hernandez, BA, MA, MPA, CHP, currently serves as Vice President of the Westchester County Historical Society and is a member of the Historic Preservation Commission of the Village of Ossining, NY.

The Slave Conspiracy Riot of 1741

December 13, 2016 by Miguel Hernandez Leave a Comment

slave revolt 1741This conflict also known as “The New York Conspiracy Riot” was an amazingly intricate and brutal affair that in addition to its local implications had an international twist as well.

In the context of the longstanding European conflicts, English colonists in New York City felt anxious about the French presence in Canada to the north and Spanish colonies in the Gulf Coast and the Mississippi River Valley to the South and West. They also felt threatened by a recent influx of Irish immigrants, whose Catholicism might incline them to spy for France and Spain. [Read more…] about The Slave Conspiracy Riot of 1741

Filed Under: History Tagged With: Black History, Hispanic History, New York City, NYC, riots, Slavery

Miguel Hernandez: The ‘Negro Riot of 1712’

December 6, 2016 by Miguel Hernandez Leave a Comment

Gov. Robert HunterOne of the earliest documented riots in New York State that had a racial component or undertone was the so-called Negro Riot of 1712. It began in the area of a section of the New York City that later became be known as “Five Points” due to the convergence of three streets, Anthony, Cross, and Orange.

At that time the northern limits of British New York were present day Canal St. The population was about ten thousand, of which roughly one-fifth were African slaves. [Read more…] about Miguel Hernandez: The ‘Negro Riot of 1712’

Filed Under: History Tagged With: Black History, New York City, riots, Slavery

18th and 19th Century Racial and Ethnic Riots in New York

December 6, 2016 by Miguel Hernandez Leave a Comment

orange riotLike many states in the nation, New York has a long history of racially and ethnically related civil disturbances, riots, rebellions and uprisings. These unsettling events have had lasting impacts on these communities long after disturbance had passed and relative peace was restored. The following is a descriptive but incomplete list of 18th and 19th century conflicts (principally of those in New York City) in which lives were lost, property was damaged or destroyed and law and order had to be established with the often violent, coercive use of force by police and/or state military units. Most importantly these events occurred in the context of a long-standing history of racial, ethnic and social class conflicts coupled with a triggering incident that set off a more sustained period of communal violence. [Read more…] about 18th and 19th Century Racial and Ethnic Riots in New York

Filed Under: History Tagged With: Black History, New York City, Public History, riots

Peekskill’s Historic Community of St Mary

January 26, 2016 by Miguel Hernandez 47 Comments

SM Chapel West SideReaders may know that the Roman Catholic Church has numerous religious orders of nuns and monks, but may not know that the Protestant Episcopal Church has them as well. Overall, there are 18 Episcopal religious orders and 14 “Christian Communities” comprised of men, women, or both. This is the story of the Community of St Mary (CSM) and the remarkable religious buildings they had constructed at Peekskill, NY from 1872 to 1963. The order was founded by Sister Harriet Starr Cannon, (1823-1896) its Mother Superior, on the Feast of the Purification of Mary on February 2, 1865 in St. Michael’s Church, 86th Street, New York City, about two months before the close of the Civil War.

Accordingly, it is said to be the oldest Episcopal religious community in the US still in existence (now headquartered in Greenwich, Washington County, New York. Sister Harriet was the temporal head of this community of Protestant Episcopal nuns from its founding in 1865, to her death in 1896. Based on a Benedictine model, the CSM adhered to a simple monastic life centered on prayer, reflection, and service. The forms of service practiced by the nuns of the order have varied over the years and places where they chosen to have a presence. At Peekskill for instance, they operated a high school for girls and the manufacture and sale of “Alter Bread” (aka communion wafers) was one of the CSM’s primary means of self-sustainment. [Read more…] about Peekskill’s Historic Community of St Mary

Filed Under: History Tagged With: Architecture, Historic Preservation, Peekskill, Religious History

Little Spain: Manhattan’s Little-Known Enclave

December 18, 2014 by Miguel Hernandez 22 Comments

guadalupeblock1929nyplThere is a neighborhood in Manhattan that some of its old timers call “España Chica” – Little Spain. From the late 19th century to the present time it served as the social and cultural nerve center of Spanish immigrants who settled in New York City.

Little Spain sits just above the West Village, mostly along West 14th Street, but the casual non-Spanish pedestrian would hardly know they were in a Spanish ethnic enclave. If this stroller were a vexillologist (or a fan of the Real Madrid Soccer team) she would no doubt know that the flag hanging in front of the nondescript brownstone at 239 West 14th Street, home of the Spanish Benevolent Society, was that of Spain. [Read more…] about Little Spain: Manhattan’s Little-Known Enclave

Filed Under: History Tagged With: Cultural History, Hispanic History, Immigration, Manhattan, New York City, NYC, Urban History

Revolutionary War Spies:
The Lower Hudson Valley’s “TURN”

June 16, 2014 by Miguel Hernandez 7 Comments

Turn American Revolution TV ShowThe Revolutionary War spy drama “Turn” on the AMC cable TV network is a much fictionalized version of the activities of a real life American patriot, Ben Tallmadge who headed the “Culper Spy Ring” based on Long Island.

However, Westchester and the surrounding counties of Dutchess, Orange and Putnam have their own connection to Revolutionary War espionage story in the persons of John Jay, Elijah Hunter, and Enoch Crosby. [Read more…] about Revolutionary War Spies:
The Lower Hudson Valley’s “TURN”

Filed Under: History Tagged With: American Revolution, Culper Spy Ring, Dutchess County, Media, Military History, Orange County, Putnam County, Westchester County

Fox Conner: ‘The Man Who Made Eisenhower’

April 29, 2014 by Miguel Hernandez 1 Comment

Fox Connor on HorseA little-known forest retreat called Brandreth Park has several unimpressive dwellings and sparse communication with the outside world. Yet back in the dark days of World War II generals Eisenhower, Marshal, Patton and others in the American military headquarters of England and Europe felt it necessary to keep their lines of communication open and flowing with one of its residents, Major General Fox Conner, U.S Army, Retired.

It’s safe to say that most Americans have never heard of Brandreth Park or of this soldier who never served in WWII but who nonetheless contributed to the victory over Germany. Those who do remember Conner, consider him “the man who made Eisenhower”. [Read more…] about Fox Conner: ‘The Man Who Made Eisenhower’

Filed Under: History Tagged With: Adirondacks, Hamilton County, Military History, Spanish-American War, Westchester County, World War One, World War Two

Torcedores: Gotham’s Hispanic Cigar Rollers at Work

April 3, 2013 by Miguel Hernandez 8 Comments

NYC Cigar StoreIt now seems hard to believe that for most of the latter part of the 19th century, New York City was the cigar making capital of the United States.

New York State as a whole had 364 cities and towns with 4,495 cigar factories and 1,875 (41%) of these were operating in mid and lower Manhattan. The island which then comprised the City, made 10 times the number of cigars as Havana, Cuba.

At the city’s peak before WWI and the beginning of the Machine-Age, approximately 3,000 factories, including many of America’s largest, rolled cigars in Manhattan. [Read more…] about Torcedores: Gotham’s Hispanic Cigar Rollers at Work

Filed Under: History, New York City Tagged With: Cultural History, Hispanic History, Immigration, Labor History, Latino History, Manhattan, New York City, Political History, Social History

Westchester County Civil War Monuments (Part Two)

March 19, 2013 by Miguel Hernandez 3 Comments

Sleepy HollowThis granite and bronze monument in the Village of Sleepy Hollow, is located near southwestern corner of the Sleepy Hollow Cemetery and was dedicated on May 30, 1890. by the local GAR post. Inscriptions on the front (west) face include a Latin dedication, along with “Our Union Soldiers” and the following poem: “While Freedom’s name is understood, they shall delight the wise and good; They dared to set their country free and gave her laws equality 1861-1865.”

The monument’s south, east and north faces feature bronze plaques honoring some 240 local veterans. The references to Greenburgh and Mount Pleasant reflect the fact that the Village of Sleepy Hollow lies within Mount Pleasant, which is just north of Greenburgh. The monument is surrounded by a plot containing graves of Civil War veterans. The names of soldiers killed in action are engraved into the monument’s base; those who served are listed on tablets mounted to the base. The work was made in the New York foundry of the Henry-Bonnard Bronze Company.
[Read more…] about Westchester County Civil War Monuments (Part Two)

Filed Under: History, Arts, Hudson Valley - Catskills Tagged With: Civil War, sculpture, Westchester County

Westchester’s Civil War Monuments: The Kneeling Angel

March 11, 2013 by Miguel Hernandez 8 Comments

Ossining Kneeling MonumentIn the late 19th and early 20th centuries states, counties, cities, towns and villages all across America erected thousands of commemorative statues, monuments, tablets and other memorials to honor their citizens who served in the American Civil War of 1861-1865. Additionally monuments that are national in scope such as those like Antietam and Gettysburg and in the nation’s capital city were constructed. There is even a memorial monument in Edinburgh, Scotland dedicated to the Scots who fought in the Union Army. It is exceptional as it is the only American Civil War memorial outside of the United States. [Read more…] about Westchester’s Civil War Monuments: The Kneeling Angel

Filed Under: History Tagged With: Civil War, Military History, Westchester County

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