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Jaap Harskamp

Jaap Harskamp, PhD at Amsterdam University (Comparative Literature), Researcher at European University Institute (Florence), Curator Dutch & Flemish Collections at British Library (retired), Researcher at Cambridge UL. His work has been published by Wellcome Institute, British Library, and Brill. His current blog on migration can be viewed here.

The Saxophone: Born In Belgium, Raised In The USA

October 18, 2020 by Jaap Harskamp 2 Comments

bronze statue of Adolphe SaxSince the saxophone was invented and patented by a young man from French-speaking Dinant, in Belgium’s Walloon Region, American musicians have paid credit to the instrument by producing memorable performances which include John Coltrane’s “Love Supreme,” Dino Soldo’s smooth jazz solos, or Clarence Clemons’s relentless drive.

Over time, the sax has found its way into almost every genre of music with one exception. The saxophone is not part of the orchestral repertoire. It was and remains a rogue instrument. [Read more…] about The Saxophone: Born In Belgium, Raised In The USA

Filed Under: Adirondacks & NNY, Capital-Saratoga, History, Hudson Valley - Catskills, Mohawk Valley, New York City, Western NY Tagged With: art, Art History, Jazz, Military History, Music, Musical History, New York City

Portraying Presidents: A Sketch of Cultural History

October 12, 2020 by Jaap Harskamp Leave a Comment

Penn Station around the time of its opening in 1910 courtesy Library of CongressBeginning with George Washington, it has been a custom for the President of the United States to have an official portrait sculpted or painted during his time in office.

From the beginning artists were faced with conflicting demands of aesthetics, the need to evoke the significance of the nation’s highest office, and the personal inclination of the sitter (varying from modesty to pomposity). How to reconcile such different strands in a work of art? [Read more…] about Portraying Presidents: A Sketch of Cultural History

Filed Under: Adirondacks & NNY, Capital-Saratoga, History, Hudson Valley - Catskills, Mohawk Valley, New York City, Western NY Tagged With: art, Art History, Cultural History, George Washington, Political History

Huguenot Pirates on the Barbary Coast and the Mapping of New Amsterdam

October 5, 2020 by Jaap Harskamp Leave a Comment

Johannes Vingboons View of New AmsterdamHuguenots were followers of Jean Calvin’s teachings for which they were persecuted in Catholic France. Many were forced to leave the country and settled in the Netherlands, Switzerland, England, and South Africa.

Nicolas Martiau was one of a number of refugees who made their way to America (Virginia) via England. A surveyor and engineer in the service of Henry Hastings, 5th Earl of Huntington, he was an ancestor of George Washington. [Read more…] about Huguenot Pirates on the Barbary Coast and the Mapping of New Amsterdam

Filed Under: Arts, History, New York City Tagged With: Brooklyn, Dutch History, Geography, Huguenots, Mapmakers, Maps, New Amsterdam, New Netherland, surveying

Audio Technology, Trademarks and A Terrier Named Nipper

September 28, 2020 by Jaap Harskamp 1 Comment

Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science and ArtThe Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science and Art, at Cooper Square in Lower Manhattan, was founded in 1859 by inventor and industrialist Peter Cooper, a progressive member of New York’s Board of Aldermen.

The initiative was inspired by the state-sponsored École Polytechnique in Paris (founded in 1794). Cooper’s ideal was to create an institution that would be open to all, and independent of race, religion, sex, or social status. The history of the gramophone is associated with two of Cooper’s former students who overcame hardship through education. [Read more…] about Audio Technology, Trademarks and A Terrier Named Nipper

Filed Under: Adirondacks & NNY, Capital-Saratoga, History, Hudson Valley - Catskills, Mohawk Valley, New York City, Western NY Tagged With: Art History, Jazz, Manhattan, Music, Musical History, New York Telephone, Radio History, telephones

Electropathic Cure: Quackery in the Electric Era

September 20, 2020 by Jaap Harskamp 1 Comment

A Galvanized Corpse What historians now describe as the Victorian Age, was then referred to as the Electric Era. Electricity lit up city centers and transformed the means of communication. Constant availability of power led to automation which, in turn, allowed for the mass production of goods. Electricity gradually entered the home and convenience stores were filled with new household devices. Even the death penalty went electric. [Read more…] about Electropathic Cure: Quackery in the Electric Era

Filed Under: Adirondacks & NNY, Capital-Saratoga, History, Hudson Valley - Catskills, Mohawk Valley, New York City, Western NY Tagged With: Furniture, Medical History, Patent Medicine, womens history

Humans In Zoos: A Long History of ‘Exotic’ People Exhibitions

September 13, 2020 by Jaap Harskamp 3 Comments

Philippine Head-Hunters on display at the 1904 Worlds Fair in St LouisSocial Darwinism is an ideology that misapplied Charles Darwin’s ideas to the socio-political sphere. The theory proved fruitful to those who advocated the economic principle of laissez faire, and added an element of racial inequality as peoples were classified along an evolutionary scale.

The doctrine can be paraphrased in terms similar to these: “We (white men) belong to a superior race and civilization, be it in economic, military, or moral understanding. This primacy demands from us to direct and civilize the rest of humanity.” [Read more…] about Humans In Zoos: A Long History of ‘Exotic’ People Exhibitions

Filed Under: Adirondacks & NNY, Capital-Saratoga, History, Hudson Valley - Catskills, Mohawk Valley, New York City, Western NY Tagged With: anthropology, Bronx Zoo, Cultural History, Imperialism, Science History

Donleavy, Comstockery and Irish Smut

September 6, 2020 by Jaap Harskamp Leave a Comment

government poster informing soldiers about the GI BillIn 1868, Anthony Comstock authored a comprehensive New York State statute prohibiting the distribution of “immoral” books and images. Five years later he founded the New York Society for the Suppression of Vice.

Acting as its secretary until his death in September 1915, he sought to become the arbiter of corruption and was handed legal authority to burn indecent books, destroy printers’ stocks, and enter galleries demanding that vile paintings be removed under threat of prosecution. For his enemies Comstock symbolized licensed bigotry; for his supporters he stood firm in defense of decency.

In 1895, the New York Times introduced the term “comstockery” to describe his zealous moral campaign. [Read more…] about Donleavy, Comstockery and Irish Smut

Filed Under: Arts, History Tagged With: Books, Irish History, Publishing

Organ Grinders And Street Music: A History of New York Busking

August 30, 2020 by Jaap Harskamp 1 Comment

La Tratta Dei FanciulliThe Industrial Revolution ended life’s traditional muted tones and unleashed the supremacy of mechanical clamor. Technology and commerce combined in an all-out assault on stillness.

In April 1936 the city of New York’s Noise Abatement Bill became law. The measure had been preceded by a long campaign against the ever-increasing loudness of city life. It started as a crusade against the omnipresence of unlicensed street musicians. [Read more…] about Organ Grinders And Street Music: A History of New York Busking

Filed Under: History, New York City Tagged With: Crime and Justice, Music, Musical History, New York City

An Age of Opulence In London and New York

August 25, 2020 by Jaap Harskamp Leave a Comment

cafe de l'operaIn economic terms, the Western world made its fortune after the Industrial Revolution(s). Money became the deity of the age. But in the words of John Ruskin, “wise consumption is far more difficult than wise production.”

In the race for material prosperity, the idea of social purpose was lost or forgotten. By the beginning of the twentieth century, both in Europe and America, collective aimlessness deteriorated into vulgarities of excess. [Read more…] about An Age of Opulence In London and New York

Filed Under: Arts, Food, History, New York City Tagged With: Culinary History, New York City, World War One

The Democracy of Dentures: Samuel Colt To Charles Goodyear

August 18, 2020 by Jaap Harskamp 3 Comments

Pierre Fauchard first edition of Le chirurgien dentistThe early Christian Church taught the “virtue” of suffering. Pain in our messed-up world was God’s will. It intensified faith.

Thinkers of the Enlightenment rejected such notions. Having declared medical practice and religious doctrine as being incompatible, they initiated research in anesthetics. In 1799, chemist Humphry Davy undertook his exploration of the therapeutic potential of nitrous oxide (laughing gas).

The benefits of this gas were not fully tested for some time, which opened up opportunities for quacks to fool an eager but gullible public. [Read more…] about The Democracy of Dentures: Samuel Colt To Charles Goodyear

Filed Under: Adirondacks & NNY, Capital-Saratoga, History, Hudson Valley - Catskills, Mohawk Valley, New York City, Western NY Tagged With: Cultural History, George Washington, Medical History, Patent Medicine

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