I’m not one to shed a tear when authoritarian rulers die, but once they’re gone, picnics become a lot more dangerous. As summer wanes, the original queen in every yellowjacket wasp colony dies – having a few thousand babies in the course of one season is enough to tire any Queen Mum to death.
The colony raises new queens as the old one starts to forget the names of her offspring and where she left her reading glasses. But when the feisty new regals emerge, the young queens run off with the nearest male wasps for a mating orgy, after which they hide in rotten logs or nearby attics for the winter.
With no one to keep the workers in line, social order disintegrates within the colony. All summer long, yellowjackets are busy with assigned chores like killing deer flies and tent caterpillars to feed the colony, pollinating flowers, and stinging anyone who ventures close to their nest or even looks at them askance. Yep, once Queen Mum expires, they do what they darn well please.
And what pleases unsupervised rank-and-file wasps is crash-landing in our food and exploring the insides of soft-drink cans. They neglect their chores and go on a sugar binge. This is why yellowjackets and other colony-forming wasps seem “aggressive” in the fall – they’re gorging on sweets ’cause no one’s minding them.
Unlike honey bees, wasps can sting endlessly, so it’s good to know some defensive tactics. Wear light-colored clothing, as dark or bright colors attract them. If you’re headed to an outdoor event, forget the perfume, cologne, and strong shampoo. These products will get you more attention from wasps than from anyone you were hoping to meet. And keep your drink covered to save you from being stung on the mouth (and possibly from worse things as well).
Don’t shoo away yellowjackets, as this can provoke them. If one lands on you it’ll move on shortly, but if you can’t wait, flick rather than swat it. Once a wasp stings it releases an alarm pheromone that signals others to attack, so take cover if you do get stung.
When I was a kid, ground-nesting yellowjackets were “managed” by someone’s dad pouring gas or maybe kerosene in the hole and lighting it. This was quite entertaining, though not always effective. We now know that when gas or oil gets spilled on the ground, it can pollute groundwater. It doesn’t take much in sandy soils or where the water table is shallow.
Here’s a better idea: If you find a ground nest, watch from a safe distance until you locate the entrance. At dawn, place a large glass bowl that you just borrowed over the yellowjackets’ door. It need not fit tight to the ground, but in uneven terrain, bank sand around the rim to fill gaps. The whole colony will eventually emerge and fly circles inside a clear bowl until they die.
Please note we do NOT have Asian or so-called murder hornets! Any oversize wasps you may encounter are cicada-killers which do not make colonies, or attack humans. Take heart – yellowjackets will die with the onset of freezing weather. All except next year’s authoritarian queens that will hibernate until spring.
Photo: A yellowjacket licking sugar from a Dunkin Donuts munchkin (courtesy wikimedia user Peterwchen).
The remedy for a ground nest brought back a memory of my Mom. She absolutely despised japanese beetles. She would range around our 3 acre yard with a twig and coffee can containing a couple inches of gas or kerosene. An afternoon spent around our 3 acre yard knocking those “damn things” into the can would end up in the driveway where she’d light it up. A gleeful victory dance was part of the celebration of their flaming demise.