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The Enlightenment of Cadwallader Colden

April 30, 2016 by Editorial Staff 1 Comment

the enlightenment of cadawaller coldenWas there a conservative Enlightenment? Could a self-proclaimed man of learning and progressive science also have been an agent of monarchy and reaction?

Cadwallader Colden (1688–1776), an educated Scottish emigrant and powerful colonial politician, was at the forefront of American intellectual culture in the mid-eighteenth century.

While living in rural New York, he recruited family, friends, servants, and slaves into multiple scientific ventures and built a transatlantic network of contacts and correspondents that included Benjamin Franklin and Carl Linnaeus. Over several decades, Colden pioneered colonial botany, produced new theories of animal and human physiology, authored an influential history of the Iroquois, and developed bold new principles of physics and an engaging explanation of the cause of gravity.

The Enlightenment of Cadwallader Colden: Empire, Science, and Intellectual Culture in British New York (Cornell University Press, 2016) by John M. Dixon traces the life and ideas of this fascinating and controversial “gentleman-scholar.” Dixon’s account explores the overlapping ideological, social, and political worlds of this earliest of New York intellectuals. Colden and other learned colonials used intellectual practices to assert their gentility and establish their social and political superiority, but their elitist claims to cultural authority remained flimsy and open to widespread local derision. Although Colden – who governed New York as an unpopular Crown loyalist during the imperial crises of the 1760s and 1770s –  was brutally lampooned by the New York press, his scientific work, which was published in Europe, raised the international profile of American intellectualism.

Author John M. Dixon is Assistant Professor of History at the College of Staten Island/CUNY.

Note: Books noticed on The New York History Blog have been provided by their publishers. Purchases made through this Amazon link help support this site.

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Filed Under: Books, History Tagged With: Cultural History, Intellectual History, Political History, Science History

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Comments

  1. Kathleen Hulser says

    May 1, 2016 at 7:21 PM

    Yes, he was burned in effigy in 1765 Stamp Act riots, and the rioters seized his carriage and burned it near the hated statue of King George in Bowling Green park. But Colden had some admirable characteristics: he hated lawyers as the enemies of enlightened government, calling them a sort of “licensed pickpocket” for whom “nothing was too wicked to attempt.”

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